Why do we have different names for a Jumper? A look at Sweater, Jumper, and Pullover

If you’ve ever browsed through international fashion sites or spoken to someone from a different country, you might have noticed the variety of terms used for what many of us know as a "jumper." In the U.S., it’s typically called a "sweater," in the UK and Ireland, it’s a "jumper," and in much of Europe, you’ll often hear it referred to as a "pullover." But where do these different names come from, and what are the norms in each country? Let’s explore the origins and differences.

The "Sweater": The American Classic

Origin: The word "sweater" comes from the verb “to sweat.” In the 1880's, this garment was worn by athletes to induce sweating as part of exercise routines and thus the word was coined. These knitted woollen tops would help retain heat and cause the wearer to sweat more during physical activity. Over time, this functional garment became a popular choice for warmth, and the term "sweater" stuck.
Country Usage:

• United States: The term "sweater" is the standard name for any knitted, long-sleeved top designed to keep you warm. Americans are less likely to use the terms "jumper" or "pullover" for this garment.
• Canada: Much like their southern neighbors, Canadians also prefer the term "sweater."

The "Jumper": A British Staple

Origin: The term "jumper" in the UK has a more mysterious origin. Some suggest it could be linked to the French word "jupe," meaning skirt, or the old English word “jump,” meaning a man’s short coat. Over time, it evolved to describe a knitted garment worn over the upper body.
Country Usage:

• UK & Ireland: In both the UK and Ireland, "jumper" is the go-to term for knitted garments worn over a shirt or blouse, we'd always suggest a Cashmere jumper - it should last forever!
• Australia & New Zealand: These countries also commonly use "jumper" to describe a knitted sweater, most likely owing to their historical ties to Britain.

The "Pullover": Europe’s Pick

Origin: The term "pullover" is quite literal—referring to any garment you "pull over" your head. The name emphasises the practical aspect of how you wear the garment. The term likely became popular in Europe due to its descriptive simplicity.
Country Usage:

• Germany, Austria, Switzerland: The term "Pullover" (esp in German) is widely used, and it applies to any warm, knitted garment worn over the upper body. This is one of the most common terms across Europe.
• France & Italy: In French, "pull" is used as a shortened version of "pullover," and in Italy, it’s also called "pullover." Both terms are directly borrowed from English but have become standard in these languages.

Conclusion

The various names for what’s essentially the same garment reflect the rich tapestry of language and culture across the world. Whether you call it a sweater, jumper, or pullover, the goal remains the same: warmth and style.